Home  
Site Partners: SpotterGuides Veloce Books  
Related Sites: Your Link Here  

Go Back   TenTenths Motorsport Forum > Single Seater Racing > Formula One

Reply
 
Thread Tools Display Modes
Old 19 Dec 2014, 16:27 (Ref:3486478)   #1
Moneyseeker
Veteran
 
Join Date: Mar 2007
Posts: 2,216
Moneyseeker is going for a new lap record!Moneyseeker is going for a new lap record!Moneyseeker is going for a new lap record!Moneyseeker is going for a new lap record!Moneyseeker is going for a new lap record!Moneyseeker is going for a new lap record!
New engine regs for 2016 - again?!

Michael Schmidt reporting that at the strategy group yesterday, BE proposed scrapping the V6 turbo's in favour of engines that are louder, more powerful and cheaper.

Michael Schmidt, of the respected German trade magazine Auto Motor und Sport, said that although his proposal did not produce a "definitive result", the sport is now headed towards an all-new set of regulations for 2016.
"The engines are to be louder, more powerful and cheaper," said Schmidt on Friday.
"The goal is 1000 horse power and a cost of 10 million euros per team. An expert group must deliver results (on the proposal) by the end of January," he added.


http://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/f1...in-2016-report
Moneyseeker is offline  
Quote
Old 19 Dec 2014, 16:47 (Ref:3486481)   #2
wolfhound
Veteran
 
Join Date: Jun 2011
Ireland
Posts: 3,565
wolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the grid
Quote:
Originally Posted by Moneyseeker View Post
Michael Schmidt reporting that at the strategy group yesterday, BE proposed scrapping the V6 turbo's in favour of engines that are louder, more powerful and cheaper.

Michael Schmidt, of the respected German trade magazine Auto Motor und Sport, said that although his proposal did not produce a "definitive result", the sport is now headed towards an all-new set of regulations for 2016.
"The engines are to be louder, more powerful and cheaper," said Schmidt on Friday.
"The goal is 1000 horse power and a cost of 10 million euros per team. An expert group must deliver results (on the proposal) by the end of January," he added.


http://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/f1...in-2016-report
I wonder how many engine manufacturers will be left in F1 if there is significant change to the current engine regs. From my understanding these regs were developed at the request of the manufacturers (except Ferrari) to make F1 more relevant to the car industry.
I bet Honda, especially will not be best pleased after build ing a new engine only for it to be dumped the following year. I suspect Renault might also head for the exit door especially when they have to listen to their works team telling all the world what is wrong with their power units.
wolfhound is offline  
Quote
Old 19 Dec 2014, 22:52 (Ref:3486566)   #3
Sodemo
Veteran
 
Sodemo's Avatar
 
Join Date: Dec 2000
United Kingdom
Solihull, West Mids, UK
Posts: 11,312
Sodemo has a real shot at the championship!Sodemo has a real shot at the championship!Sodemo has a real shot at the championship!Sodemo has a real shot at the championship!Sodemo has a real shot at the championship!
F1 doing what F1 does best, burn money. Headless chickens spring to mind.
Sodemo is offline  
Quote
Old 19 Dec 2014, 23:39 (Ref:3486578)   #4
wolfhound
Veteran
 
Join Date: Jun 2011
Ireland
Posts: 3,565
wolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the grid
Quote:
Originally Posted by Sodemo View Post
F1 doing what F1 does best, burn money. Headless chickens spring to mind.
And if Bernie liked the new engines there would be no mention of change in 2016
wolfhound is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 00:48 (Ref:3486589)   #5
wnut
Veteran
 
Join Date: Jun 2009
Posts: 8,088
wnut has a real shot at the championship!wnut has a real shot at the championship!wnut has a real shot at the championship!wnut has a real shot at the championship!wnut has a real shot at the championship!
Yes!

I am with Bernie 100% on this one, simple powerful cheap (relatively speaking) proper racing engine, that is the way to go!
wnut is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 01:56 (Ref:3486607)   #6
W.A Trichlorostyrene
Veteran
 
Join Date: Nov 2011
Posts: 637
W.A Trichlorostyrene should be qualifying in the top 10 on the grid
Unlikely that it would pass according to Saward: http://joesaward.wordpress.com/2014/...litical-games/

I wonder if Bernie is just playing with the white smoke machine again, with the lawsuit news coming today?

Last edited by W.A Trichlorostyrene; 20 Dec 2014 at 02:02.
W.A Trichlorostyrene is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 02:05 (Ref:3486608)   #7
one five five
Veteran
 
one five five's Avatar
 
Join Date: Aug 2004
Posts: 3,363
one five five should be qualifying in the top 10 on the gridone five five should be qualifying in the top 10 on the grid
Quote:
Originally Posted by wnut View Post
Yes!

I am with Bernie 100% on this one, simple powerful cheap (relatively speaking) proper racing engine, that is the way to go!
yep, all good..... and then there would be no engines for 2016, no company is going to be able to (or want to) get an engine ready that quick.... plus the likes of Mercedes and Honda are only interested in the turbo's

This proposal has no chance of seeing the light of day. Just destabilising to the whole fraternity
one five five is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 04:14 (Ref:3486618)   #8
wnut
Veteran
 
Join Date: Jun 2009
Posts: 8,088
wnut has a real shot at the championship!wnut has a real shot at the championship!wnut has a real shot at the championship!wnut has a real shot at the championship!wnut has a real shot at the championship!
Quote:
Originally Posted by one five five View Post
yep, all good..... and then there would be no engines for 2016, no company is going to be able to (or want to) get an engine ready that quick.... plus the likes of Mercedes and Honda are only interested in the turbo's

This proposal has no chance of seeing the light of day. Just destabilising to the whole fraternity
Think he is just trying to drive the excessive price of the PUs down!

Still think it would be a good rule change though ...
wnut is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 09:02 (Ref:3486656)   #9
P38 in workshop
Veteran
 
Join Date: Feb 2008
Posts: 869
P38 in workshop has a lot of promise if they can keep it on the circuit!
Unbelievable stupidity.Allowing the current engines to continue would allow their development costs to be amortised over a longer period.The only thing preventing the current engines developing more power is the 100Kg/hour fuel flow.Throwing more fuel at the engines would hardly be progressive and it would alienate the manufacturers who are using the requirement to accelerate the development of more efficient engines,not to mention the anti-car environmentalists.
Nothing like enough publicity has been generated about the huge advances in efficiency that the current power units represent.Changing them to suit the whims of a bunch of deafened old men is absurd.
P38 in workshop is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 09:33 (Ref:3486663)   #10
Teretonga
Veteran
 
Join Date: Sep 2003
Location:
New Zealand
Posts: 4,544
Teretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of Fame
Quote:
Originally Posted by P38 in workshop View Post
Unbelievable stupidity.Allowing the current engines to continue would allow their development costs to be amortised over a longer period.The only thing preventing the current engines developing more power is the 100Kg/hour fuel flow.Throwing more fuel at the engines would hardly be progressive and it would alienate the manufacturers who are using the requirement to accelerate the development of more efficient engines,not to mention the anti-car environmentalists.
Nothing like enough publicity has been generated about the huge advances in efficiency that the current power units represent.Changing them to suit the whims of a bunch of deafened old men is absurd.
Agreed.
Two thoughts come to mind.
One is his habit of raising nonsensical issues to divert attention away from other things happening.(Like the Bayern bank legal case)
The other is the total impracticality of doing all this in less than 12 months (which means any changes are likely to be minor in the regulations because implementing anything more is going to be problematical. A
Thirdly is the idea that adding development costs to an all new engine is probably going to add to costs not reduce them, and that, as everyone seems to agree, is just stupid.
Teretonga is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 10:47 (Ref:3486668)   #11
Mike Harte
Veteran
 
Mike Harte's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2011
United Kingdom
W. Yorkshire
Posts: 5,996
Mike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of Fame
Well, according to an article on The Independent newspaper's website ( http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/m...e-9937043.html ), no one agreed with Ecclestone about introducing a new engine for 2016.

B.E. is quoted as saying that if the teams do not produce realistic plans for his "retro" engines by the time of the next meeting of the Strategy Group in January '16, he will push it through himself because he only requires a simple majority vote to get his way.

However, if all the teams resist his demands, I cannot see him getting his way, unless of course the FIA were to vote with him. Which begs the question on whether he has some hold on the FIA that means that they have to do his bidding?

Also reported here: http://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/ec...59835/?v=2&s=1

I apologise that The Independent page seems to load slowly; it never ceases to amaze me that the faster my broadband becomes, the longer web-pages take to load.
Mike Harte is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 11:44 (Ref:3486672)   #12
wolfhound
Veteran
 
Join Date: Jun 2011
Ireland
Posts: 3,565
wolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the gridwolfhound should be qualifying in the top 3 on the grid
So Bernie is the only one in the strategy group wanting new engines for 2016. Its crazy if one person wants something and nobody else does that it could get rammed through. Using this forum as a guide I would suspect most fans here except the new engines and can see the merits in them. To use V8's or something simple is just another form of indycar, Auto GP, Renault 3.5 etc. I don't see that pushing the boundries for the future.
wolfhound is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 12:15 (Ref:3486677)   #13
Alex Langheck
Racer
 
Join Date: Mar 2014
Posts: 305
Alex Langheck should be qualifying in the top 10 on the grid
Bernie shoud be left to promote the sport - and stay away from the regs. This just shows how out of touch he really is.
What next, V10 DFV's.....and maybe H gear shifts....???
Alex Langheck is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 12:53 (Ref:3486681)   #14
Mike Harte
Veteran
 
Mike Harte's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2011
United Kingdom
W. Yorkshire
Posts: 5,996
Mike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameMike Harte will be entering the Motorsport Hall of Fame
I must admit that I am/have been racking what passes for my brain to understand just why Ecclestone is so determined to return to some form of the old style power-units. We all know, or should do, that he never does anything without a very good reason, but for the life of me, I can't see what his reasoning is on this ocassion.

History shows that he will often make seemingly obscure comments in what appears to be an on the spur of the moment way, but they are usually said to deflect from another issue, but also often done because that is the nature of his sense of humour. But this time, he really is pushing the agenda, but for what purpose?

My view is that if he was to be successful in his quest, then it is very likely that Mercedes, Renault and Honda will walk away. FOM may hold "contracts" with the three that "assures" that they all stay until a certain date - 2020? - but I think that it highly unlikely that that clause would be enforceable in a court of law, especially in view of the changes in rules/regulations that drove them to renege on the contracts in the first instance.

Is it really his intention that the manufacturers leave the sport? Or is there something else going on that this debate is obscuring? I don't think that it can be the impending court case in Germany being brought by Bayern Bank, because I personally think that that is a lost cause, if just for the simple reason that multiple officers/directors of the bank have already sworn on oath in is it 3 or 4 cases, New York, London and Germany, that they were "over the moon" with the sale price. And as became apparent during those cases, there was never a formal counter offer to the CVC bid; yes, another "bidder" claimed that they were prepared to offer a higher figure, but that was never put in writing and formalised. Therefore, it never, in legal terms, existed.

So, apart from showing the world that he still controls the strings over Formula 1, what is his motive?
Mike Harte is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 14:18 (Ref:3486690)   #15
Casper
Veteran
 
Join Date: May 2007
Posts: 3,215
Casper should be qualifying in the top 10 on the gridCasper should be qualifying in the top 10 on the grid
Quote:
Originally Posted by wnut View Post
Yes!

I am with Bernie 100% on this one, simple powerful cheap (relatively speaking) proper racing engine, that is the way to go!
Stock block LS Chev and two turbos.
Casper is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 15:28 (Ref:3486708)   #16
Teretonga
Veteran
 
Join Date: Sep 2003
Location:
New Zealand
Posts: 4,544
Teretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of Fame
Quote:
Originally Posted by Alex Langheck View Post
Bernie shoud be left to promote the sport - and stay away from the regs. This just shows how out of touch he really is.
What next, V10 DFV's.....and maybe H gear shifts....???
Seriously, if that happened (and he wouldn't because that is not his objective at all) you would see the bills for power units and drive trains drop to less than 4 million a year and the return of independent engine producers and if the chassis regulations were similar you could see a return to early 90's team numbers and pre-qualifying.

But that isn't what people are looking for. No one here has expressed or suggested that as a goal, nor has Bernie or the teams expressed that as a goal.
Teretonga is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 17:34 (Ref:3486729)   #17
JeremySmith
Veteran
 
JeremySmith's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2000
United Kingdom
Austin Texas
Posts: 11,402
JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!
Quote:
Originally Posted by Teretonga View Post
Agreed.
Two thoughts come to mind.
One is his habit of raising nonsensical issues to divert attention away from other things happening.(Like the Bayern bank legal case)
The other is the total impracticality of doing all this in less than 12 months (which means any changes are likely to be minor in the regulations because implementing anything more is going to be problematical. A
Thirdly is the idea that adding development costs to an all new engine is probably going to add to costs not reduce them, and that, as everyone seems to agree, is just stupid.
Are you interested in collaborating on a movie script ?

"The Madness Of Bernie"
JeremySmith is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 20:30 (Ref:3486755)   #18
Teretonga
Veteran
 
Join Date: Sep 2003
Location:
New Zealand
Posts: 4,544
Teretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of FameTeretonga will be entering the Motorsport Hall of Fame
Quote:
Originally Posted by JeremySmith View Post
Are you interested in collaborating on a movie script ?

"The Madness Of Bernie"
Hmmm
I am involved and writing a book at the moment...

I am also wondering if pressure is being brought on him from CVC to bring change because of the falling audience and TV ratings.
This would help explain the constant sense of disorganised snatching at things to 'improve' the sport in everything from grid restarts to new engines for 2016...

While Bernie may have sold the series for a small fortune it is actually controlled by Slavica, not Bernie except for the reward of the reverse divorce settlement.
Secondly working for CVC isn't a patch on being able to rock up and run it with Max, and not be accountable to anyone, like in the old days.
At the same time its always been his baby, so he's attached to it because its his life's work. He can't just walk away. Its almost an obsession for him.
Teretonga is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 20:58 (Ref:3486758)   #19
Paradise City
Veteran
 
Paradise City's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2009
Bhutan
Dublin
Posts: 4,320
Paradise City is going for a new world record!Paradise City is going for a new world record!Paradise City is going for a new world record!Paradise City is going for a new world record!Paradise City is going for a new world record!Paradise City is going for a new world record!Paradise City is going for a new world record!
Eccelstone should have zero say. Teams should a strong consultative role. The FIA should be layin' down the lay on tech regs.

Sorry guys, just fantasising for a moment. Carry on.
Paradise City is offline  
__________________
If I had asked my customer what they wanted, they would've said a faster horse.
-Henry Ford
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 21:48 (Ref:3486769)   #20
JeremySmith
Veteran
 
JeremySmith's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2000
United Kingdom
Austin Texas
Posts: 11,402
JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!JeremySmith is going for a new world record!
Quote:
Originally Posted by Teretonga View Post
Hmmm
I am involved and writing a book at the moment...

I am also wondering if pressure is being brought on him from CVC to bring change because of the falling audience and TV ratings.
This would help explain the constant sense of disorganised snatching at things to 'improve' the sport in everything from grid restarts to new engines for 2016...

While Bernie may have sold the series for a small fortune it is actually controlled by Slavica, not Bernie except for the reward of the reverse divorce settlement.
Secondly working for CVC isn't a patch on being able to rock up and run it with Max, and not be accountable to anyone, like in the old days.
At the same time its always been his baby, so he's attached to it because its his life's work. He can't just walk away. Its almost an obsession for him.
I am sure as you say Bernie is being lent on to do something about the TV ratings, and the overall disdain from the fans which I am sure he takes notice off..

I have two sets of feelings about this engine business.. The technology involved in the latest PU is in many ways amazing, however if it does not float the boat of the millions of TV viewers and fans that attend races then it has to be looked at seriously, in this regard I do not disagree with him..

Given the choice I would have a louder, not ear splitting, but louder engine because it just sounds more important and more like what my perception of F1 is about..... The fuel saving the happens with the V6 Turbo, well its impressive, but in the overall scheme of things what does it really mean?

The costs of competing in this sport HAVE to come down..The teams must come together and make this happen without further delay...

Bernie has worked hard to make F1 a global success...In a sense F1 has to be run by a dictator, because the teams seem so weak when it comes to agreeing on anything...
JeremySmith is offline  
Quote
Old 20 Dec 2014, 22:28 (Ref:3486775)   #21
BtccLee
Veteran
 
Join Date: Dec 2011
Posts: 1,168
BtccLee should be qualifying in the top 5 on the gridBtccLee should be qualifying in the top 5 on the gridBtccLee should be qualifying in the top 5 on the grid
Tiny tremors before something bigger. This sport in its current format is heading into the business abyss. Right now we appear to be dodging some fairly large bullets. A year maybe two. You reap what you sow.
BtccLee is offline  
Quote
Old 21 Dec 2014, 00:21 (Ref:3486797)   #22
TRuss
Veteran
 
Join Date: Oct 2004
Posts: 555
TRuss should be qualifying in the top 10 on the gridTRuss should be qualifying in the top 10 on the grid
They should be making close 1,000 hp by 2016 anyway. Even with development bans. They clearly gained speed through out this season. Currently 800 hp seems to be a conservative estimate with Mercedes already with a 70 hp improvement for next season.
TRuss is offline  
Quote
Old 23 Dec 2014, 01:41 (Ref:3487285)   #23
ECW Dan Selby
Veteran
 
ECW Dan Selby's Avatar
 
Join Date: Feb 2006
England
Essex, England
Posts: 4,067
ECW Dan Selby has a real shot at the podium!ECW Dan Selby has a real shot at the podium!ECW Dan Selby has a real shot at the podium!ECW Dan Selby has a real shot at the podium!ECW Dan Selby has a real shot at the podium!
Quote:
Originally Posted by TRuss View Post
They should be making close 1,000 hp by 2016 anyway. Even with development bans. They clearly gained speed through out this season. Currently 800 hp seems to be a conservative estimate with Mercedes already with a 70 hp improvement for next season.
You're probably right, but they'll still be quiet and will retain that awful whistling sound.

I really tried to give these new engines a shot, but I just can't like them, i'm afraid.

Selby
ECW Dan Selby is offline  
__________________
Run-offs, chicanes, hairpins...
Think you can do better? Let's see it!
Check out the "My Tracks" forum here on Ten-Tenths.
Quote
Old 23 Dec 2014, 04:33 (Ref:3487314)   #24
Casper
Veteran
 
Join Date: May 2007
Posts: 3,215
Casper should be qualifying in the top 10 on the gridCasper should be qualifying in the top 10 on the grid
Quote:
Originally Posted by ECW Dan Selby View Post
You're probably right, but they'll still be quiet and will retain that awful whistling sound.

I really tried to give these new engines a shot, but I just can't like them, i'm afraid.

Selby
The way of the future. Notice how every manufacturer is moving away from the ICE engine in Europe? It is this trend that the manufacturers wanted to parallel in F1. There will be no going back even if BE does his tough guy act and tries to make it happen.
Casper is offline  
Quote
Old 23 Dec 2014, 21:43 (Ref:3487500)   #25
smellysocks
Racer
 
Join Date: May 2014
Canada
Posts: 281
smellysocks should be qualifying in the top 10 on the grid
Quote:
Originally Posted by Alex Langheck View Post
Bernie shoud be left to promote the sport - and stay away from the regs. This just shows how out of touch he really is.
What next, V10 DFV's.....and maybe H gear shifts....???
But what if there isn't much left to promote?

Bernie/CVC will intervene to protect their interests. If nothing is done the 'business' will suffer, small/midsize teams will drop away and it will be to late to turn things around.

I love the sound of this new 'formula' - $10 Million per year and 1000 HP. Simple and effective (ps. also let there be in-season updates!). The teams (avg 10) will save about $15 M each per year, that's $750,000,000.00 over the next 5 years.

And this emphasis on fuel economy should be set aside, I would wager that no one buys a ticket for a race to follow the cars fuel economy!

Last edited by smellysocks; 23 Dec 2014 at 21:52.
smellysocks is offline  
Quote
Reply


Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off

Forum Jump

Similar Threads
Thread Thread Starter Forum Replies Last Post
New Engine Regs for IndyCar Tim Northcutt Indycar Series 159 4 Sep 2010 21:09
Just so that everyone is clear on the engine regs Marbot Formula One 5 3 Oct 2006 18:54
Engine Building for Closed Regs THR Racing Technology 3 4 Jul 2002 08:03
FIASCC SR2 - new engine regs? cybersdorf Sportscar & GT Racing 5 28 May 2002 01:18


All times are GMT. The time now is 22:31.


Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.11
Copyright ©2000 - 2024, vBulletin Solutions Inc.
Original Website Copyright © 1998-2003 Craig Antil. All Rights Reserved.
Ten-Tenths Motorsport Forums Copyright © 2004-2021 Royalridge Computing. All Rights Reserved.
Ten-Tenths Motorsport Forums Copyright © 2021-2022 Grant MacDonald. All Rights Reserved.